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Taking the
Future of Russia's Protected Areas in Their Own Hands:
Zapovednik Directors Meet in Vladivostok
by
Nikolai Maleshin
Over the past decade,
Russia's Zapovednik system has made a number of steps
forward. For example, compared with earlier days, there is
now more regular and effective coordination among the entire
system. Improved cooperation within the reserve system has
enabled greater contact between the reserves and the
international community. The positive changes shaping the
Zapovednik system today may be attributed in large part to
the now annual meetings of Zapovednik directors.
Spread
across eleven time zones and often secluded by severe
landscapes or bad telephone lines, Zapovednik managers have
often felt out of communication and isolated from each
other. Gathering in one place at one time has done wonders
for uniting people, though. The meetings have allowed
reserve managers to share success stories, new methodologies
in management, and simply to provide much-needed moral
support in a tough period for conservation in Russia. First
initiated in 1991, these meetings are part of a major
biodiversity conservation initiative funded by the Global
Environment Facility (GEF).
This year's meeting,
held in Vladivostok from October 11 to 18, was supported
with additional funding from the US Agency for International
Development (USAID) and the Institute of Sustainable
Communities (through the Replications of Lessons Learned
program, also known as ROLL). The meeting focused on the
theme of Zapovedniks' role and significance in Russia's
regions, reflecting the recent events unfolding in
Zapovednik history. This theme captured the interests of
governmental and non-governmental organizations alike,
adding to the number and diversity of attendees. Besides 86
Zapovednik directors, 70 other participants took part in
this meeting, representing organizations ranging from
Greenpeace-Russia to regional departments of the Committee
on Environmental Protection.
Thanks to the
assiduous efforts of the Organizing Committee (made up of
staff from Zapovedniks in the Russian Far East) in
coordinating this meeting, participants were able to
maximize an exchange of information during plenary sessions,
special topic sections, and round-tables. The discussions
emerging from the meeting revealed new achievements in the
Zapovednik system and outlined propositions for its further
growth. A number of significant achievements were
highlighted at the meeting.
- Zapovednik
Directors exude a new mood and espouse a new philosophy.
Despite a score of problems in Russia today, these
managers are surprisingly positive about their work. At
the meeting they discussed what they are doing, instead
of lamenting about what is impossible; they talked about
plans, not about lack of funds.
- Zapovednik
directors are creating a new public image. Now more than
ever, the current managers of Russia's reserves are
becoming a more closely connected, professional community
of managers, capable of addressing pertinent issues on a
local, regional, and federal level.
- New solutions are
being developed to help Zapovedniks survive the
transitional period from the post-Soviet era. A sampling
of these solutions includes: protected areas
associations, uniting both Zapovednik and National Park
staff; a new wave of environmental education centers in
the Zapovednik system; partnerships with NGOs; increased
communication with the Department of Zapovednik
Management (part of the Russian Federation's Committee on
Ecology); the enforcement of effective protective regimes
on Zapovednik territories, enabling them to become the
focus of local protected area networks; and the promotion
of Zapovedniks as regional centers for environmental
monitoring.
- A strategy to
guide Zapovednik development is being developed. This
document, The Concept of Protected Areas, is being
jointly written by WWF representatives, the Department of
Protected Areas Management, and several Zapovednik
directors. Widely discussed at this year's meeting, the
first draft of this paper clarifies the main purposes,
objectives, and principles of Zapovedniks and suggests
ways for improving the existing Zapovednik system.
Ending with
an
excursion to one of the Zapovedniks in the Primorsky Krai:
Ussuriysky, Sikhote-Alinsky, Khankaisky, or Lazovsky, this
year's meeting stands out as a milestone in the series of
directors' meeting as well as in the Zapovednik system
itself. The new-found sense of professionalism, cooperation,
and camaraderie among Zapovednik managers points to the
reserve system's steady growth during the past ten years.
The refreshingly positive mood at the meeting also reflects
the strength of partnerships that the Zapovednik directors
have formed to help each other, local communities, and the
nature they are protecting. It also has helped to focus on
the challenges ahead and form a vision for Zapovedniks in
the next millennium.
Nikolai
Maleshin is the Chair of the Russian Zapovednik Directors'
Association and the managing editor of RCN.
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